Armilla vs Lockton

Why Armilla’s AI liability insurance and performance warranties do not replace Lockton’s workers’ compensation, D&O or general brokerage program.

Introduction

Armilla markets AI liability insurance, performance warranties and Armilla Verified assessments, describing its insurance operation as a managing general agent. Warranties and insurance are separate contracts with different backing partners on the briefs. 2 4 Lockton places cyber, directors and officers (D&O) liability, casualty and benefits; its published technology catalogue does not describe an Armilla-style performance warranty. 10 13

An AI developer selling models to enterprises that demand both traditional general liability and cyber and affirmative AI wording or a performance warranty is looking at a specialty layer versus a program broker. Do not cancel workers’ compensation because an AI warranty exists. How Armilla insurance would be filed in California remains quote-specific. 15

Where Each Provider Shines

Where Armilla Shines

  • Dedicated liability coverage for AI model and agent failures 3
  • Model assessments with remediation support and optional retesting 5

Where Lockton Shines

  • Lockton describes itself as a privately held independent broker for risk, employee benefits and retirement, not as the insurer on the policies it places. 9,21,28
  • US pages list brokerage for cyber and privacy, directors and officers, casualty (including general and product liability, auto, cargo, umbrella and workers’ compensation), property, fiduciary liability and employee benefits. 10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18

Coverage Comparison

Coverage TypeArmillaLockton
Cargo and transitNot listedListed 13
Commercial autoNot listedListed 13
Commercial propertyNot listedListed 14
CrimeNot listedListed 18
Cyber liabilityNot listedListed 11,10
Directors and officersNot listedListed 12,10
Employee health and benefitsNot listedListed 16
Employment practices liabilityNot listedListed 18
Fiduciary liabilityNot listedListed 17
General liabilityNot listedListed 13
Generative AI liabilityListed 3Not listed
Key personNot listedListed 18
Product liabilityNot listedListed 13
Professional liability / E&ONot listedListed 18
Representations and warrantiesNot listedListed 18
Surety bondsNot listedListed 18
Umbrella and excess liabilityNot listedListed 13
Workers’ compensationNot listedListed 15,13

Listed products and programs, including policies arranged through insurers or partners. Optional endorsements are discussed in the analysis below. “Not listed” means no separate offering appears in the reviewed catalogue; confirm availability and policy terms with the provider.

Key Differences Between Armilla and Lockton

Insurance Versus Warranty

Armilla names certain underwriters at Lloyd’s for AI liability and separately names backing partners on warranty briefs—not proof of the warranty issuer or of your rights against those firms. Lockton’s cyber page is insurance placement, not a performance warranty. 2 4 11

Intake

Armilla starts with an assessment then a tailored plan, via contact rather than self-serve bind. Lockton starts with an expert inquiry. Armilla’s broker page addresses introductions through retailers. 6 20

Claims Frameworks

Armilla describes a claims framework for its products. Lockton describes advocacy on conventional policies. Warranty claims are not insurance claims. 19

What to Confirm in Quotes

  • Which contract is insurance versus warranty, and the legal issuer of each. 4
  • Surplus-lines licensee for California if Armilla insurance is non-admitted. 2
  • How Armilla sits with general liability, cyber and directors and officers liability a Lockton proposal might also include. 13 12
  • Assessment scope versus policy coverage. 5

Service Comparison

Armilla vs Lockton: documented services and availability

CriteriaArmillaLockton
Business role

Armilla markets AI liability insurance, performance warranties and model assessments. It describes its insurance operation as a managing general agent (MGA), an intermediary with underwriting responsibilities, and names Armilla Insurance Services as a Lloyd’s coverholder. These descriptions do not make Armilla the risk-bearing insurer. 3,1,6

Florida’s corporate registry lists Armilla Insurance Services Inc., a Delaware corporation. This establishes a corporate identity, not an insurance license or authority to place a California risk. 8

Lockton’s US site describes the firm as an independent insurance brokerage that arranges customized risk, employee benefits and retirement solutions. US Terms of Business treat Lockton Companies, LLC and affiliated Lockton companies as intermediaries that market, place and service insurance, not as the risk-bearing insurer on a placed policy. 9,21,28

Public US terms name Lockton Companies, LLC (and Series, subsidiaries and affiliates) as the brokerage group and Lockton, Inc. as the website operator. Certificates produced by Lockton also use the California DBA Lockton Insurance Brokers, LLC. Confirm the legal name on any broker-of-record or services agreement; these pages do not by themselves establish which entity would be appointed for a California company. 21,22,29

Lockton-produced certificates print California license number 0F15767 for Lockton Companies, LLC DBA Lockton Insurance Brokers, LLC. Current license status, classes and expiration remain independently unverified. Treat California producer authority as unresolved until a regulator record or the proposed engagement papers are checked. 29,30

Coverage lines

Armilla’s standalone AI liability brief lists model errors and hallucinations, harmful outputs, agent mistakes, non-breach data leakage, third-party property damage and AI-related regulatory proceedings as sample coverage areas. These are advertised scopes, not confirmation that a particular loss or fine is insured. 3

Armilla Guaranteed is a contractual performance warranty, not an insurance policy. Armilla says it funds remedies for missed agreed metrics; its FAQ describes a buyer refund when the issue cannot be resolved and identifies misuse, unauthorized changes and external events as typical exclusions. 2,4

For technology clients, Lockton highlights cyber liability and directors and officers liability, plus related services such as contract review and international program design. Dedicated US product pages describe brokerage for casualty lines (auto, cargo, general and product liability, umbrella and excess, workers’ compensation), commercial property, fiduciary liability for employee-benefit-plan fiduciaries, and People Solutions employee benefits. A private-equity capabilities list also names errors and omissions, crime and financial-institution bonds, employment practices liability, surety, key-person insurance, transaction insurance including representations and warranties, and portfolio-company programs. Actual policy wording, limits and whether a given buyer is offered those lines remain quote-dependent. 10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18

Application process

Armilla’s insurance FAQ says to begin with an AI risk assessment, followed by a tailored insurance or warranty plan. The site directs buyers to contact its team; coverage requires written confirmation and completion of underwriting requirements. 2,1

Public US application starts as an inquiry: the US contact form (Ask an Expert) and industry pages invite buyers to connect with a team. The privacy notice refers to soliciting an insurance policy quote. The Cyber & Technology page publishes cyber@lockton.com. Reviewed pages do not describe a self-serve bind flow, published quote turnaround, or an unauthenticated online application that issues a policy without a Lockton representative. 20,9,23,11,22

Access to insurers

Armilla names certain underwriters at Lloyd’s for its affirmative AI liability insurance. Its product brief also names Chaucer, Axis Capital and Convex as backing partners, without identifying the contracting insurer or syndicate for an individual quote. 1,3

The warranty brief names Chaucer Group, Greenlight Re and Swiss Re as backing partners. It does not identify the legal warranty issuer, the buyer’s direct rights against a backing insurer, or a California-specific warranty contract. 4

Lockton says it is not obligated to use any particular insurer, is generally not authorized to bind insurers except in circumstances it says it will try to disclose, and does not guarantee placement on acceptable terms. Cyber pages refer to insurer partners without naming them. The workers’ compensation page claims access to more than 100 regional, global and program markets without listing those markets. Surplus-lines insurers may appear in a proposal when admitted markets cannot meet requested terms. Named issuing companies for a buyer’s policies were not disclosed on the reviewed pages. 21,11,15

Claims assistance

Armilla describes liability claims reported during the policy period, subject to limits and exclusions. Its homepage offers incident coordination, but the reviewed pages do not name a claims administrator or set out a complete claim-notification procedure. No claims-handling quality has been established. 2,1

Lockton describes claims advocacy as a service, not as the insurer paying claims. Technology, D&O and fiduciary pages say a Professional & Executive Risk Claims team, including insurance and claims counsel, is integrated with the broking team and that claims advocacy is not treated as a profit center. Loss-prevention pages describe claims consulting: investigations, mapping facts to policies, preparing presentations, and discussions with insurer lawyers and loss adjusters. Workers’ compensation pages mention claims service advocates. Terms of Business include claims handling and claims processing among Lockton’s intermediary services and state Lockton is not responsible for an insurer’s solvency or willingness to pay. These descriptions do not establish claims outcomes or handling quality. 10,12,17,19,15,21

Sources

Armilla Official Website

  1. Armilla: AI Insurance. Armilla; Affirmative Insurance Built for AI Risk; Risk Teams; footer surplus-lines and Lloyd’s disclosures. Accessed 2026-09-16.
  2. AI Insurance – Lloyd’s Coverholder | Armilla AI. Armilla; Armilla Insured; Armilla Guaranteed; FAQ: getting started, warranty classification, claims framework and exclusions. Accessed 2026-09-16.
  3. Armilla AI Insurance Brief. Armilla; MGA introduction; Tailored Protection for AI Pioneers / Sample Coverage Areas; Industry Protection. Accessed 2026-09-16.
  4. AI Performance Warranty Brief. Armilla; Opening partner disclosure; AI Performance, Guaranteed; Real-World Protection Examples. Accessed 2026-09-16.
  5. Armilla Assessments: AI Verification & Red-Teaming. Armilla; Active AI Risk Assessment; FAQ: testing process, ongoing support and starting an assessment. Accessed 2026-09-16.
  6. Armilla for Brokers: Specialized AI Coverage. Armilla; Coverage Options; Competitive Commissions; Flexible, Tech-Enabled Underwriting; broker appointment FAQ. Accessed 2026-09-16.
  7. Armilla Terms of Service. Armilla; Last updated April 5th, 2023; sections 1 Agreement to Terms and 4 Fees and Payment. Accessed 2026-09-16.
  8. Detail by Entity Name: ARMILLA INSURANCE SERVICES INC.. Florida Department of State, Division of Corporations; Entity name; Filing Information; document F24000002598 (corporate registration, not insurance licensing). Accessed 2026-09-16.

Lockton Official Website

  1. Lockton United States. Lockton; Opening description of independent insurance brokerage for risk, benefits and retirement; Ask an Expert link to contact-us. Accessed 2026-09-16.
  2. Technology. Lockton; Industry introduction; cyber liability heading; dedicated technology team; listed services including claims advocacy, contract review, directors and officers liability, and international program design; 24/7 service model. Accessed 2026-09-16.
  3. Cyber & Technology. Lockton; A complete solution to inform, improve, and insure cyber and privacy risk; insurer partnerships; Insure step including claim life cycle; contact cyber@lockton.com. Accessed 2026-09-16.
  4. D&O Insurance. Lockton; Program description; Side A/B/C overview; who can be covered; Claims management and Professional & Executive Risk Claims team. Accessed 2026-09-16.
  5. Casualty Insurance. Lockton; Introduction on designing and placing liability, auto and workers compensation; Casualty Insurance Solutions list: Auto, Cargo, General & Product Liability, Umbrella & Excess Liability, Workers' Compensation; dedicated service team. Accessed 2026-09-16.
  6. Property Insurance. Lockton; Matching property risks to the global marketplace; manuscript property policy; assistance with complex claim recovery; no centralized broking centers claim. Accessed 2026-09-16.
  7. Workers' Compensation. Lockton; Program design with claims experts; access to more than 100 regional, global and program markets; claims service advocates. Accessed 2026-09-16.
  8. Lockton People Solutions. Lockton; Introducing Lockton People Solutions; FAQ on products (employee experiences, total rewards and benefits, management and measurement) and private ownership. Accessed 2026-09-16.
  9. Fiduciary Liability Insurance. Lockton; What is fiduciary liability insurance; typical coverage list; claims management; distinction from ERISA bonds. Accessed 2026-09-16.
  10. Risk & People Solutions for Private Equity Firms. Lockton; Lockton capabilities list including D&O/GPL, transaction insurance (reps, tax, litigation), E&O, crime and FI bonds, cyber, EPL, surety, portfolio company programs, key person, and benefits design. Accessed 2026-09-16.
  11. Loss Prevention and Claims. Lockton; Claims consulting description: investigations, policy mapping, discussions with insurer lawyers and loss adjusters; documenting and presenting claims. Accessed 2026-09-16.
  12. Contact Us. Lockton; Inquiry form requiring Terms of Use and Privacy Notice acknowledgment; general enquiries mailbox disclaimer. Accessed 2026-09-16.
  13. US Terms of Business. Lockton; Opening entity definition; Surplus Lines; Use of a Particular Insurer; Compensation Disclosure; servicing, claims handling and renewal language in Confidentiality section; Intermediaries. Accessed 2026-09-16.
  14. Lockton US Terms of Use. Lockton; Who we are: Lockton, Inc., Missouri corporation, charter number 00498854; Kansas City principal office; last updated October 15, 2021; Site content is general information, not broking or insurance advice. Accessed 2026-09-16.
  15. Lockton Companies Website Privacy Notice. Lockton; Last updated January 2025; collection when visitors solicit an insurance policy quote; disclosure to insurance companies and intermediaries for quotes. Accessed 2026-09-16.
  16. Offices - Lockton US. Lockton; Global headquarters Kansas City, 444 W 47th St. Suite 900; US inquiry email KC-Inquiries@lockton.com. Accessed 2026-09-16.
  17. Lockton Insurance Brokers - San Francisco. Lockton; Office heading Lockton Insurance Brokers - San Francisco; Suite 600, Three Embarcadero Center, San Francisco, CA 94111. Accessed 2026-09-16.
  18. Lockton Insurance Brokers - Los Angeles. Lockton; Office heading and 777 S. Figueroa St. Suite 5200, Los Angeles, CA 90017. Accessed 2026-09-16.
  19. Lockton Insurance Brokers - Irvine. Lockton; Office heading and 19800 MacArthur Blvd., Irvine, CA 92612. Accessed 2026-09-16.
  20. Our Story. Lockton; Independence changes everything; family organization and private ownership statements; insurance, employee benefits consulting and retirement services. Accessed 2026-09-16.
  21. Lockton-produced certificate of insurance producer header. Lockton; Producer block: Lockton Companies, LLC DBA Lockton Insurance Brokers, LLC in CA; CA license #0F15767. Accessed 2026-09-16.
  22. California Department of Insurance — Check a License. California Department of Insurance; Public license-status inquiry landing page; interactive lookup not completed with a returned license detail record in this research pass. Accessed 2026-09-16.

Updated . Spot, a product of Tools for Enlightenment, publishes this research and works in the commercial insurance market. Editorial policy. To suggest a correction, contact Spot with the page URL and supporting source.

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